FAQ
Custom Stainless Steel Fabrication FAQ
Answers to common stainless steel fabrication questions: materials, laser cutting, certified welding, pickling and passivation, run sizes, and quoting.
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Materials, capabilities, quality, and quoting. If your question is not here, ask an engineer directly.
These are the questions engineers and buyers ask before sending a drawing. Every answer reflects how the shop actually runs.
What does "custom stainless steel fabrication" mean at Northern Manufacturing?
We build non-standard parts, weldments and assemblies exactly to your print, no catalogue items, using flat, tube and 5-axis laser cutting, CNC forming, certified welding and turnkey finishing under one ISO 9001 quality system.
Do you work exclusively with stainless steel?
Stainless is our core specialty, but not our only metal. Roughly 85% of the tons we process are stainless or high-nickel alloys; the rest are carbon-steel or aluminum components bundled into the same PO so customers issue one RFQ, receive one inspection packet and meet one ship date. Think of us as a stainless-focused job shop rather than stainless-only.
What metals and thicknesses can you laser-cut and weld?
Virtually any weldable metal that a laser can cut, from thin gauge sheet to 1 in plate, including stainless (austenitic, duplex, ferritic, martensitic, PH), high-nickel alloys (Hastelloy C-276/C-22, Inconel 625/718, Monel 400), carbon steels (A36, A588, A514, A572) and aluminum (6061-T6, 5052-H32).
How quickly can I receive a quote?
Because our estimating is model-based manufacturing, we price directly from your STEP files. Simple laser-cut and bend parts are priced in 1 to 2 business days. Welded or machined assemblies take 5 to 10 business days, depending on package size.
What welding standards do you meet?
Our primary code is AWS D1.6 (stainless). We also maintain procedures for ASME Section IX, AWS D1.1 (carbon) and AWS D1.2 (aluminum). Detailed documentation, MTRs and CWI sign-offs are supplied when your Inspection and Test Plan (ITP) calls for them.
What is tube-laser cutting and why choose it over sawing and drilling?
Tube-laser cutting services combine high-power lasers with six-axis motion to pierce holes, copes and miters in one unmanned pass, eliminating secondary drilling and holding plus or minus 0.005 in fit-up accuracy.
What tube sizes can your tube laser handle?
Round, square and rectangular profiles from 3/4 in to 10 in OD, up to 27 ft long.
How accurate are your flat-laser cutting services?
Our Trumpf 5040 and 3060 cut 80 x 160 in sheets to plus or minus 0.005 in positional tolerance and plus or minus 0.002 in repeatability.
Can you etch part numbers or bend lines?
Yes. Micro-etching of text, QR codes or bend reliefs adds zero setup time or cost.
What parts benefit from 5-axis laser cutting?
Welded shells or frames that move during welding: we weld first, let natural shrinkage occur, then 5-axis-cut final holes and slots so critical features hold machining-level tolerances.
How thick can you 5-axis cut in stainless?
Up to 0.375 in (9.5 mm) stainless with bevel angles to 45 degrees.
What is CNC press-brake forming?
Our CNC bending and forming services use computer-controlled press brakes with programmable tooling for repeatable bends; on-board angle measurement eliminates trial-and-error.
What is your maximum bend length and tonnage?
A 660-ton, 24-ft Ermak press brake tackles the longest or heaviest stainless components in one hit.
Do you provide TIG and MIG stainless welding services?
Yes. Manual and robotic TIG/MIG stainless welding services with code-qualified procedures and full parameter logging.
How do you prevent or remove heat-tint oxide after welding?
Depending on the product: (1) argon purge during welding to prevent oxidation; (2) Walter Surfox acid-electrolytic wands for post-weld cleaning; (3) spray pickling/passivation to ASTM A380/A967; (4) mechanical grinding when the finish spec allows.
When is robotic welding cost-effective?
Robotic stainless welding can be cost-effective on anything from Qty 1 prototypes to 10,000-piece runs. Offline programming slashes setup time while the robot delivers uniform heat input and high Cpk even on one-off parts.
What's the difference between stainless pickling and passivation services?
Pickling always involves an acid, typically nitric-hydrofluoric, that dissolves scale and heat tint; passivation is a subsequent nitric or citric bath that rebuilds the chromium-oxide layer. Grinding alone cannot substitute for acid pickling.
What 3D laser inspection services do you offer?
A Leica AT960 tracker and PolyWorks metrology create sub-0.001 in point-clouds overlaid on your CAD for instant dimensional approval.
Why choose duplex stainless fabrication over 316L?
Duplex 2205 provides roughly double the yield strength and greater chloride-stress-corrosion resistance, often allowing wall-thickness reductions of 30%. See our duplex vs. 316L guide for the full comparison.
What cylinder-rolling services do you offer?
We roll stainless and carbon cylinders from 8 in to 120 in diameter and up to 0.5 in thick, ideal for tanks, shells and ducting.
Do you provide laser welding for stainless assemblies?
Yes. Our fiber-laser cell produces narrow, low-distortion welds on thin-gauge stainless and can join dissimilar metals when TIG heat input would warp the part.
Where are you located and what regions do you serve?
Our 160,000 sq ft facility in Oak Harbor, Ohio, ships stainless fabrications nationwide and internationally via certified crates or dedicated flatbeds.
What is your typical lead time?
Lead time depends on backlog and project size: CNC laser-cut and bend only, 1 to 2 weeks; small fabricated projects, 4 to 8 weeks; large, complex weldments, 8 to 16 weeks, assuming welding capacity is available.
Can Northern Manufacturing handle assembly or drop-ship to my jobsite?
Yes. Stainless mechanical assembly services, hydro-testing, asset tagging and direct-to-site delivery are all available.
What does "stainless steel job shop" mean in practice?
We run a high-mix, low-volume workflow: a single prototype pump housing today, a 4,000-piece bracket run tomorrow. Because laser, forming, welding and inspection are in-house, change-overs take minutes, not shifts.
I build a family of parts, never the same part number twice. Is that a problem?
Not at all. Over 70% of our work is "family-of-parts" for custom systems. We read your updated models, regenerate NC code and treat each release as its own controlled lot for traceability.
What run sizes can Northern handle?
Prototype and R&D Qty 1 to 3, typical project lots Qty 5 to 50, and production contracts up to 10,000 pieces with kanban or JIT call-offs.
Which non-stainless metals can you include in a project?
Carbon steel (A36, A514, A572, A588), aluminum (6061-T6, 5052-H32) and high-nickel alloys such as Hastelloy C-276/C-22, Inconel 625/718 and Monel 400.
Do you stock all those alloys?
We stock common 304/L and 316/L sheet and 2205 duplex plate. Exotic grades are bought to order; availability can range from a few days to several weeks depending on the global market.
What welding procedures do you hold for these alloys?
ASME IX and AWS PQR/WPS packages cover austenitic, duplex, ferritic, martensitic, precipitation-hardening and high-nickel alloys. Robotic cells log parameters for audit-ready traceability.
How long will my quote take for mixed-metal or welded assemblies?
With complete STEP files and BOMs, welded/fabricated quotes turn in 5 to 10 business days regardless of alloy mix.
Still have a question about your spec?
Ask an engineer. We answer specification questions before you send a drawing.